Effect of Using Two Music Types on Non-Pregnant Non-Lactating Arabi Ewes Behaviour As a Tool for Welfare Improvement
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25271/2017.5.4.412Keywords:
Music, Arabi Sheep, Behaviour, WelfareAbstract
The present study was designed to determine whether playing two music types will improve the behaviour of non-pregnant, non-lactating Arabi sheep. Thirty Arabi ewes, aged 2 – 3 years, were included in the study. Ewes were divided into three groups, 10 ewes each. The groups were: Control (with no music exposure); Classic music exposure and Fast music exposure. The sound level for classic and fast music groups was 80 dB with the frequency of 1 KHz. The behavioural data were collected using direct observations for six respective days. Results revealed that using music, both classic and fast, significantly decreased the frequency of aggressive behaviours (P < 0.001), vocalization (P < 0.01), defecation (P < 0.05) and walking behaviour (P < 0.05). In addition, there were significant effects of music on the average time spent standing (P < 0.01), lying and feeding (P < 0.001). Whereas no significant difference was found in the average time spent drinking. It was shown that there were significant differences in time spent lying (P < 0.01) and time spent feeding (P < 0.01) over time. Finally, there was a significant difference in the proportion of time spent lying (P < 0.001) as well as in the proportion of time spent feeding between control and music groups (P < 0.01). From this study, it can be concluded that exposing non-pregnant, non-lactating ewes to classical music is beneficial for ewes’ welfare, due to the reduction of aggressive behaviour.
References
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Chikahisa, S.; Sano, A.; Kitaoka, K.; Miyamoto, K. I., and Sei, H. (2007). Anxiolytic effect of music depends on ovarian steroid in female mice. Behavioural brain research, 179(1), 50-59.
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de Jonge, F. H.; Boleij, H.; Baars, A. M.; Dudink, S., and Spruijt, B. M. (2008). Music during play-time: using context conditioning as a tool to improve welfare in piglets. Applied animal behaviour science, 115(3), 138-148.
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Maratos, A.; Gold, C., Wang, X., and Crawford, M. (2008). Music therapy for depression. The Cochrane Library.
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Molony, V.; Kent, J. E.; Viñuela-Fernández, I.; Anderson, C., and Dwyer, C. M. (2012). Pain in lambs castrated at 2days using novel smaller and tighter rubber rings without and with local anaesthetic. The Veterinary Journal, 193(1), 81-86.
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Mössler, K.; Chen, X.; Heldal, T. O., and Gold, C. (2011). Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia‐like disorders. The Cochrane Library.
Nakamura, T.; Tanida, M.; Niijima, A.; Hibino, H.; Shen, J., and Nagai, K. (2007). Auditory stimulation affects renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in rats. Neuroscience letters, 416(2), 107-112.
O’Brein, A. (2014) Milking to Music. Retrieved from: http://modernfarmer.com/2014/02/milking-music/
Orgeur, P.; Mavric, N.; Yvore, P.; Bernard, S.; Nowak, R.; Schaal, B., and Levy, F. (1998). Artificial weaning in sheep: consequences on behavioural, hormonal and immuno-pathological indicators of welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 58(1), 87-103.
Papoutsoglou, S. E.; Karakatsouli, N.; Papoutsoglou, E. S., and Vasilikos, G. (2010). Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) response to two pieces of music (“Eine Kleine Nachtmusik” and “Romanza”) combined with light intensity, using recirculating water system. Fish physiology and biochemistry, 36(3), 539-554.
Pifeliti, S. (2011). The effect of early painful experiences on subsequent pain sensitivity in lambs: a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physiology at Massey University, Manawatu, New Zealand.
Prunier, A.; Mounier, L.; Le Neindre, P.; Leterrier, C.; Mormède, P.; Paulmier, V.; Prunet, P.; Terlouw, C. and Guatteo, R. (2013). Identifying and monitoring pain in farm animals: a review. Animal, 7(06), 998-1010.
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Sevi, A., Quaranta, A., Nardomarino, A., Bellitti, A., Colella, G. E.,and Casamassima, D. (2001). Effetti del rumore su alcuni parametri fisiologici, produttivie comportamentali dell'agnello allevato intensivamente. Nutrient. Animal. 27, 3-13.
Simmons-Stern, N. R.; Budson, A. E., and Ally, B. A. (2010). Music as a memory enhancer in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia, 48 (10), 3164-3167.
Simmons-Stern, N. R.; Deason, R. G.; Brandler, B. J.; Frustace, B. S.; O'Connor, M. K.; Ally, B. A., and Budson, A. E. (2012). Music-based memory enhancement in Alzheimer's disease: Promise and limitations. Neuropsychologia, 50 (14), 3295-3303.
Stachurska, A.; Janczarek, I.; Wilk, I., and Kędzierski, W. (2015). Does music influence emotional state in race horses?. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 35(8), 650-656.
Talling, J. C.; Waran, N. K.; Wathes, C. M., and Lines, J. A. (1998). Sound avoidance by domestic pigs depends upon characteristics of the signal. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 58(3), 255-266.
Tracey, J. P., and Fleming, P. J. (2007). Behavioural responses of feral goats (Capra hircus) to helicopters. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 108(1), 114-128.
Uetake, K.; Hurnik, J. F., and Johnson, L. (1997). Effect of music on voluntary approach of dairy cows to an automatic milking system. Applied animal behaviour science, 53(3), 175-182.
van der Meulen, I.; van de Sandt-Koenderman, M. E., and Ribbers, G. M. (2012). Melodic intonation therapy: present controversies and future opportunities. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 93(1), S46-S52.
Wilson, M. E., Phillips, C. J. C.; Lisle, A. T.; Anderson, S. T.; Bryden, W. L., and Cawdell-Smith, A. J. (2011). Effect of music on the behavioural and physiological responses of stabled weanlings. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 31(5), 321-322.
Xing, Y., Chen, W., Wang, Y., Jing, W., Gao, S., Guo, D.; Xia, Y., and Yao, D. (2016). Music exposure improves spatial cognition by enhancing the BDNF level of dorsal hippocampal subregions in the developing rats. Brain research bulletin, 121, 131-137.
Xu, J.; Yu, L.; Cai, R.; Zhang, J., and Sun, X. (2009). Early auditory enrichment with music enhances auditory discrimination learning and alters NR2B protein expression in rat auditory cortex. Behavioural brain research, 196(1), 49-54.
Akiyama, K., and Sutoo, D. E. (2011). Effect of different frequencies of music on blood pressure regulation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Neuroscience letters, 487(1), 58-60.
Broekman, J. (2015). Welfare impairment of lambs around weaning. Play and other behaviour indicative of affective state. MSc Dissertation, Skara, Sweden.
Broom, D. M. (1986). Indicators of poor welfare. British veterinary journal, 142(6), 524-526.
Broom, D. M. (1991). Animal welfare: concepts and measurement. Journal of animal science, 69(10), 4167-4175.
Campo, J. L.; Gil, M. G., and Davila, S. G. (2005). Effects of specific noise and music stimuli on stress and fear levels of laying hens of several breeds. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 91(1), 75-84.
Chapagain, D.; Uvnäs-Moberg, K., and Lidfors, L. M. (2014). Investigating the motivation to play in lambs. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 160, 64-74.
Chikahisa, S.; Sano, A.; Kitaoka, K.; Miyamoto, K. I., and Sei, H. (2007). Anxiolytic effect of music depends on ovarian steroid in female mice. Behavioural brain research, 179(1), 50-59.
Chikahisa, S.; Sei, H.; Morishima, M.; Sano, A. Kitaoka, K.; Nakaya, Y., and Morita, Y. (2006). Exposure to music in the perinatal period enhances learning performance and alters BDNF/TrkB signaling in mice as adults. Behavioural brain research, 169(2), 312-319.
De Dreu, M. J.; Van Der Wilk, A. S. D.; Poppe, E., Kwakkel, G., and Van Wegen, E. E. H. (2012). Rehabilitation, exercise therapy and music in patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis of the effects of music-based movement therapy on walking ability, balance and quality of life. Parkinsonism & related disorders, 18, S114-S119.
de Jonge, F. H.; Boleij, H.; Baars, A. M.; Dudink, S., and Spruijt, B. M. (2008). Music during play-time: using context conditioning as a tool to improve welfare in piglets. Applied animal behaviour science, 115(3), 138-148.
Dolins, F. L. (1999). Attitudes to animals: Views in animal welfare. Cambridge University Press.
Dwyer, C. M.; McLean, K. A.; Deans, L. A.; Chirnside, J.; Calvert, S. K., and Lawrence, A. B. (1998). Vocalisations between mother and young in sheep: effects of breed and maternal experience. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 58(1), 105-119.
Escribano, B.; Quero, I.; Feijóo, M.; Tasset, I.; Montilla, P., and Túnez, I. (2014). Role of noise and music as anxiety modulators: Relationship with ovarian hormones in the rat. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 152, 73-82.
Folk.uio.no. (2016). Past 3.x – the Past of the Future. [Online] Available at: http//: fork.uio.no/ohammer/past/ [Accessed 9 Mar. 2016].
Fraser, D. (2014). The globalisation of farm animal welfare, Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics), 33 (1), 33-38.
Gold, C., Wigram, T., and Elefant, C. (2006). Music therapy for autistic spectrum disorder. The Cochrane Library.
Hafizah, T., Zulkifli, I. and Soleimani, A.F. (2015). The effect of auditory enrichment on growth performance and stress reaction in broiler chickens. Proceeding of WVPA (Malaysia Branch) and WPSA (Malaysia Branch) Scientific Conference 2015.
Harbers, L. H.; Ames, D. R.; Davis, A. B., and Ahmed, M. B. (1975). Digestive responses of sheep to auditory stimuli. Journal of animal science, 41(2), 654-658.
Heffner, R. S., and Heffner, H. E. (1990). Hearing in domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) and goats (Capra hircus). Hearing research, 48(3), 231-240.
Johns, J., Patt, A., and Hillmann, E. (2015). Effects of sounds of different quality on the behaviour and heart beat parameters of goats. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 165, 72-80.
Maratos, A.; Gold, C., Wang, X., and Crawford, M. (2008). Music therapy for depression. The Cochrane Library.
McAdie, T. M.; Foster, T. M.; Temple, W., and Matthews, L. R. (1993). A method for measuring the aversiveness of sounds to domestic hens. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 37(3), 223-238.
Molony, V.; Kent, J. E., and McKendrick, I. J. (2002). Validation of a method for assessment of an acute pain in lambs. Applied animal behaviour science, 76(3), 215-238.
Molony, V.; Kent, J. E.; Viñuela-Fernández, I.; Anderson, C., and Dwyer, C. M. (2012). Pain in lambs castrated at 2days using novel smaller and tighter rubber rings without and with local anaesthetic. The Veterinary Journal, 193(1), 81-86.
Moore, B. C. (2012). An introduction to the psychology of hearing. Brill.
Mössler, K.; Chen, X.; Heldal, T. O., and Gold, C. (2011). Music therapy for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia‐like disorders. The Cochrane Library.
Nakamura, T.; Tanida, M.; Niijima, A.; Hibino, H.; Shen, J., and Nagai, K. (2007). Auditory stimulation affects renal sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in rats. Neuroscience letters, 416(2), 107-112.
O’Brein, A. (2014) Milking to Music. Retrieved from: http://modernfarmer.com/2014/02/milking-music/
Orgeur, P.; Mavric, N.; Yvore, P.; Bernard, S.; Nowak, R.; Schaal, B., and Levy, F. (1998). Artificial weaning in sheep: consequences on behavioural, hormonal and immuno-pathological indicators of welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 58(1), 87-103.
Papoutsoglou, S. E.; Karakatsouli, N.; Papoutsoglou, E. S., and Vasilikos, G. (2010). Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) response to two pieces of music (“Eine Kleine Nachtmusik” and “Romanza”) combined with light intensity, using recirculating water system. Fish physiology and biochemistry, 36(3), 539-554.
Pifeliti, S. (2011). The effect of early painful experiences on subsequent pain sensitivity in lambs: a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Physiology at Massey University, Manawatu, New Zealand.
Prunier, A.; Mounier, L.; Le Neindre, P.; Leterrier, C.; Mormède, P.; Paulmier, V.; Prunet, P.; Terlouw, C. and Guatteo, R. (2013). Identifying and monitoring pain in farm animals: a review. Animal, 7(06), 998-1010.
Quaranta, A., Sevi, A., Nardomarino, A., Colella, G. E., and Casamassima, D. (2002). Effects of graded noise levels on behavior, physiology and production performance of intensively managed lambs. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 1, 217-227.
Sevi, A., Quaranta, A., Nardomarino, A., Bellitti, A., Colella, G. E.,and Casamassima, D. (2001). Effetti del rumore su alcuni parametri fisiologici, produttivie comportamentali dell'agnello allevato intensivamente. Nutrient. Animal. 27, 3-13.
Simmons-Stern, N. R.; Budson, A. E., and Ally, B. A. (2010). Music as a memory enhancer in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia, 48 (10), 3164-3167.
Simmons-Stern, N. R.; Deason, R. G.; Brandler, B. J.; Frustace, B. S.; O'Connor, M. K.; Ally, B. A., and Budson, A. E. (2012). Music-based memory enhancement in Alzheimer's disease: Promise and limitations. Neuropsychologia, 50 (14), 3295-3303.
Stachurska, A.; Janczarek, I.; Wilk, I., and Kędzierski, W. (2015). Does music influence emotional state in race horses?. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 35(8), 650-656.
Talling, J. C.; Waran, N. K.; Wathes, C. M., and Lines, J. A. (1998). Sound avoidance by domestic pigs depends upon characteristics of the signal. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 58(3), 255-266.
Tracey, J. P., and Fleming, P. J. (2007). Behavioural responses of feral goats (Capra hircus) to helicopters. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 108(1), 114-128.
Uetake, K.; Hurnik, J. F., and Johnson, L. (1997). Effect of music on voluntary approach of dairy cows to an automatic milking system. Applied animal behaviour science, 53(3), 175-182.
van der Meulen, I.; van de Sandt-Koenderman, M. E., and Ribbers, G. M. (2012). Melodic intonation therapy: present controversies and future opportunities. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 93(1), S46-S52.
Wilson, M. E., Phillips, C. J. C.; Lisle, A. T.; Anderson, S. T.; Bryden, W. L., and Cawdell-Smith, A. J. (2011). Effect of music on the behavioural and physiological responses of stabled weanlings. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 31(5), 321-322.
Xing, Y., Chen, W., Wang, Y., Jing, W., Gao, S., Guo, D.; Xia, Y., and Yao, D. (2016). Music exposure improves spatial cognition by enhancing the BDNF level of dorsal hippocampal subregions in the developing rats. Brain research bulletin, 121, 131-137.
Xu, J.; Yu, L.; Cai, R.; Zhang, J., and Sun, X. (2009). Early auditory enrichment with music enhances auditory discrimination learning and alters NR2B protein expression in rat auditory cortex. Behavioural brain research, 196(1), 49-54.
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2017-12-30
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Meshabaz, R. A., Hussein, N. J., Mersham, M. A., & Mhamed, M. S. (2017). Effect of Using Two Music Types on Non-Pregnant Non-Lactating Arabi Ewes Behaviour As a Tool for Welfare Improvement. Science Journal of University of Zakho, 5(4), 301–306. https://doi.org/10.25271/2017.5.4.412
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