The Status of Serum Zinc, Magnesium and Calcium in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Their Correlation with Renal Function.
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, Trace elements, Zinc, Magnesium, CalciumAbstract
Trace elements play significant roles in the metabolism of insulin. The aim of this study is to investigate the level of serum zinc, magnesium and calcium in type 2 diabetes mellitus and relate them with the functionality of kidneys. 200 diabetic individuals and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. For each individual, blood sugar, serum urea and serum creatinine were determined. In addition, serum zinc, magnesium and calcium were determined for each individual via flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Significant differences were found in the level of serum zinc and magnesium between diabetic and healthy control groups. However, there was not any difference in the level of serum calcium between the two groups. It is not certain whether the low level of serum zinc and magnesium cause diabetes or they are the consequence of development of diabetes. The level of serum trace elements did not correlate with the functions of kidneys.
References
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YAHYA, H., YAHYA, K. & SAQIB, A. 2011. Minerals and type 2 diabetes mellitus–level of zinc, magnesium and chromium in diabetic and non diabetic population. J Univer Med & Dent College, 2, 34-8.
ZACCARDI, F., WEBB, D. R., CARTER, P., PITOCCO, D., KHUNTI, K., DAVIES, M. J., KURL, S. & LAUKKANEN, J. A. 2015. Association between direct measurement of active serum calcium and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A prospective study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 25, 562-568.
AKINLEYE, A. 2007. Status of the levels of lead and selected trace elements in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Abeokuta, Nigeria. African Journal of Biochemistry Research, 1, 127-131.
DAVENPORT, A. 2014. Trace Elements in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Chronic Renal Disease, 429.
ELAMIN, A. & TUVEMO, T. 1990. Magnesium and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes research and clinical practice, 10, 203-209.
JANSEN, J., KARGES, W. & RINK, L. 2009. Zinc and diabetes—clinical links and molecular mechanisms. The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 20, 399-417.
KAMAL, M., SALEM, M., KHOLOUSI, N. & ASHMAWY, K. 2009. Evaluation of trace elements and Malondialdehyde levels in type II diabetes mellitus. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 3, 214-218.
LEUNG, F. Y. 1998. Trace elements that act as antioxidants in parenteral micronutrition 1. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 9, 304-307.
MASOOD, N., BALOCH, G. H., GHORI, R. A., MEMON, I. A., MEMON, M. A. & MEMON, M. S. 2009. Serum zinc and magnesium in type-2 diabetic patients. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 19, 483-6.
NASLI-ESFAHANI, E., FARIDBOD, F., LARIJANI, B., GANJALI, M. R. & NOROUZI, P. 2011. Trace element analysis of hair, nail, serum and urine of diabetes mellitus patients by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders, 10, 1-9.
NRIAGU, J. 2007. Zinc deficiency in human health. School of Public Health.
NSONWU, A., USORO, C., ETUKUDO, M. & USORO, I. 2006. Glycemic control and serum and urine levels of zinc and magnesium in diabetics in Calabar, Nigeria. Pakistan J Nutr, 5, 75-8.
RAMADASS, S., BASU, S. & SRINIVASAN, A. R. 2015. SERUM magnesium levels as an indicator of status of Diabetes Mellitus type 2. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 9, 42-45.
STRACHAN, S. 2010. Trace elements. Current Anaesthesia & Critical Care, 21, 44-48.
WALTER, R. M., URIU-HARE, J. Y., OLIN, K. L., OSTER, M. H., ANAWALT, B. D., CRITCHFIELD, J. W. & KEEN, C. L. 1991. Copper, zinc, manganese, and magnesium status and complications of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes care, 14, 1050-1056.
WOLLHEIM, C. B. & SHARP, G. W. 1981. Regulation of insulin release by calcium.
YAHYA, H., YAHYA, K. & SAQIB, A. 2011. Minerals and type 2 diabetes mellitus–level of zinc, magnesium and chromium in diabetic and non diabetic population. J Univer Med & Dent College, 2, 34-8.
ZACCARDI, F., WEBB, D. R., CARTER, P., PITOCCO, D., KHUNTI, K., DAVIES, M. J., KURL, S. & LAUKKANEN, J. A. 2015. Association between direct measurement of active serum calcium and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A prospective study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 25, 562-568.
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Published
2016-12-30
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Hami, M. A., Ibrahim, A. A., & Ahmed, M. S. (2016). The Status of Serum Zinc, Magnesium and Calcium in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Their Correlation with Renal Function. Science Journal of University of Zakho, 4(2), 208–212. Retrieved from https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/352
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Science Journal of University of Zakho
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