In Vitro Micropropagation of Vitis Vinifera L. in Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Keywords:
In vitro, Micropropagation, Vitis vinifera LAbstract
This investigation was carried out at plant biotechnology laboratories of Scientific Research Center in Faculty of Science, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, during the period from April 2013 to January 2014. The objectives of the study were to investigate the influence of different plant growth regulators in micropropagation on two local cultivars of grapes Vitis vinifera L. The most effective explant disinfestations were obtained by using NaOCl in a ratio of 1:1 water for 10 min which was very effective in reducing contamination in the established cultures resulting in a higher percentage of contaminations free cultures. At initiation stage, the highest initiation rate was achieved by using specific concentrations of BA on basal MS media. At multiplication stage, BA alone and BA combined with GA3 which was showed different responses in the measured parameters. At rooting formation stage two auxins were tested including IAA and NAA to estimate their ability for root formation. The in vitro propagated of grape plantlets were gradually transferred in successful way from lab. To field conditions, which didn’t showed any morphological abnormalities
References
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Zatiko J.M., Molnar I. (1985). Preliminary results on the In vitro mass propagation of grapes from shoot-tipe meristem. Fruit Sci. Rep. 12:83-85.
Al-Rifae’e, M. A. T. and S. A. Al-Shobaki (2002). Twenty one contury techniques for Plant improvement by Tissue Culture. Cairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi (In Arabic).
Amin, M. E. M. (2007). Vegetative Propagation of Carnation and pink Dianthus spp. L. Via Tissue Culture Technique. M. Sc. Thesis University of Salahaddin, Erbil- Iraq.
Chee R., Pool R.M. (1983). In vitro vegetative propagation of Vitis : Application of previously defined culture conditions to a selection of genotypes. Vitis 22: 363-74.
Chen Z,Wen J (2007) Leeaceae. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Flora of China, 12:115-169.
Dalal, M. A., B. B. Sharma and H. C. Sharma. (1991). Effect of macro mineral salts modification in MS culture medium on oxidative browning in vitro culture of grape. Indian J. Hort., 48:187-191.
Denial, G.H., A.N. Yousif and M.S. Omar (2009). Clonal Propagation of Dianthus caryophyllus L. The 2ed Kurdistan Conference on Biological Sciences, 6-8 May. Journal of Duhok University (12)1:91-95.
Gashkova IV (2009). Crops-Vitis Vinifera L. –Interactive Agricultural Ecological Atlas of Russia and Neigh boring Countries, Economic Plants and Diseases Pests and weeds.
Gray, D.J. and Benton, C.M. (1991). In viro micropropagation grape and Plant establishment of muscadine grape cultivars (Vitis rotundifolia). Plant cell, tissue and organ culture., 27: 7-14.
Gray, D.J. and L.C. Fischer, (1985). In vitro shoot propagation of grape species, hybrids and cultivars. Proc. Fla. State hort. Soc., 89: 172-174
Hartmann, H. T., D. E. Kester, F. T. Davies and R. L. Geneve. (2002). Plant propagation, Priciples and Practices. 7th Edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Heloir, M.C., J.C. Fournioux, L. Oziol and R. Bessis, (1997). An improved procedure for the propagation in vitro of grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir) using axillary bud microcuttings Plant Cell Tissue Organo culture, 49:223-225.
Karim,Z. J. (2008). In vivo and In vitro studies on (Rosmarinas officinalis L.). Secondary Metabolities. M. Sc. Thesis, College of Sci., Sulaimania University.
Mohammed, A. K. and M. A. Al-Younis (1991). Fundamentals of Plant Physiology (3rd part) College of Agriculture, Baghdad University, Iraq (In Arabic).
Mohammed, A. K. (1985). Plant physiology. 2nd Part. Ministry of Higher Education and SCI. Research, Uni. Of Mosul, Iraq. (In Arabic).
Murashige, T. and F. Skooge (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15:473-497.
Qiu W., Fekete S., Todd T., Kovacs L. (2004). Facilitation of Microshoot Tip Propagation of Vitis aestivalis var. Norton by Combined application of an Antioxidant and Cytokinins Am. J. Enol. Vitic., 55: 112-114.
Razdan, M. K. (2003). Introduction to plant tissue culture. 2ed Edition. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd New Delhi 27p.
Saleh, M. M. S. (1991). Physiology of Plant Growth Regulators. Mosul University Publishers. Ministry of Higher Education. (In Arabic).
Timmons SA, Posluszny U, Gerrath JM (2007). Morphological and anatomical development in the VVitaceae. X.Comparative ontogeny and phylogenetic implications of Cissus quadrangularis L. Can. J. Bot. 85:860-872.
This K.L., Graves C.H. (1992). Meristem micropropagation protocols for Vitis rotundifolia HortScience 27: 447-449.
Toma, R. S. (2009). Micropropagation and In vitro shoot tip grafting of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) and pear (Pyrus sp. L.). ph D. Dissertation, college of Agriculture, University of Duhok, Iraq.
Trigiano, R.N. and D. J. Gray. (1996). Plant Tissue Culture Concepts and Laboratory Exercises. CRC Press. Inc.
Wasfy, E. (1995). Plant Growth Regulators and Flowering and their use in Agriculture. Academic library, Cairo-Egypt.
Zatiko J.M., Molnar I. (1985). Preliminary results on the In vitro mass propagation of grapes from shoot-tipe meristem. Fruit Sci. Rep. 12:83-85.
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Published
2015-06-30
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Ahmed, A. M., Ibrahim, D. A., & Uzun, S. P. (2015). In Vitro Micropropagation of Vitis Vinifera L. in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Science Journal of University of Zakho, 3(1), 55–66. Retrieved from https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/93
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