Comparison Between the Most Frequent Fungal Species Colonizing Grapevine Berries at Different Maturation Stages
Keywords:
Grapes, Fungi, IraqAbstract
The study was undertaken to investigate the most frequent fungal species present on the surface of grape berries at different maturation at vineyards from Duhok governorate, Kurdistan region of Iraq. The associated fungi were detected both before and after surface disinfection on Dichloran Rose Bengal Chlormophenicol agar (DRBC) medium. The most abundant genera and species found on all the three stages of maturation by decreasing orders were Aspergillus (A.niger, A.carbonarius, A.tubingensis), Cladosporium cladosporoides, Penicillium (P.brevicompactum,P.citrinum,P.glabrum), Alternaria alternata and Aureobasidium pullalans. This result support the theory that risk of ochratoxin A contamination can be defined based on the mycobiota present on surface of healthy grape berries.
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Cozzi, G., Pascale, M., Perrone, G., Visconti, A. and Logrieco , A., (2006). Effect of Lobesia botrana damages on black aspergilli rot and ochratoxin A content in grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol.111, 10-17.
De Felice, D.V., Solfrizzo, M.De Curtis, F. Lima, G. Visconti A. and Castoria, R. (2008). Strains of Aureobasidium pullulans can lower ochratoxin A contamination in wine grapes. Phytopathology, 98: 1261-1270.
De Rocha Rosa, Palacios,V., Combina,M., Fraga,M.E., De,O.R. and Magnoli, C. E. (2002). Potential ochratoxin A producers from wine grapes in Argentina and Brazil. Food addit. Contam. 19,408-414.
Domsch, K. H., Gams, W. and Anderson, T. H. (1980). Compendium of soil fungi. Academic Press, London.
F.A.O (2003). The (UN) Bulletin of statistics, Vo.14, No.2.
Frisvad, J. C. and Samson, R. A. (2004). Polyphasic taxonomy of Penicillium subgenus Penicillium. A guide to identification of food and air-borne terverticillate Penicillia and their mycotoxins. Studies in Mycology, 49, 1- 173.
Frisvad, J.C.,Frank, J.M., Houbraken, J.A.M.P., Kuijpers, A.F.A. and Samson, R.A., (2004). New ochratoxin A producing species of Aspergillus section Circumdati. Stud. Mycol., 50, 23–43.
Klich M.A. (2002). Identification of common Aspergillus species, CBS, Utrescht, The Netherlands pp.116.
Leong, S. L., Hocking, A. D. Pitt J.I. Kazi B.A., Emme R.W. and Scott, E. S. (2006). Black Aspergillus species in Australian vineyards: From soil to ochratoxin A in wine In :Advances in Food Mycology, Hocking, A.D., Pitt, J.I., Samson R.A and Throne U. (eds).Springer Science ,USA, pp 153-171.
Leong, S. L., Hocking, A. D., and Scott, E. S. (2007). Aspergillus species producing ochratoxin A: isolation from vineyard soil and infection of Semillon bunches in Australia J.Appl.Microbiol.124-133.
Magnoli, C., Violante, M., Combina, M., Palacio, G., and Dalcero, A. (2003). Mycoflora and ochratoxin-producing strains of Aspergillus section Nigri in wine grapes in Argentina. Letters. Appl. Microbiol., 37, 179-184.
Pitt, J. I. and Hocking, A. D. (1997). Fungal and Food Spoilage 2nd ed. London, U.K.: Blackie Academic & Professional.pp.511.
Rousseau, J. (2003). Etude des facteurs de prevention et de reduction de la teneur en OTA dans les vine. Poster du Symposium International d, Oenologie, Borddeaux
Samson, R. A., Hoekstra, E. S., Frisvad, J. C. and Filtenborg, O. (2000). Introduction to Food- and Air-borne Fungi 6th ed. Baarn, The Netherlands: Centraalbureau Voor Schimmelcultures.
Samson, R. A., Houbraken, J. A. M. P., Kujipers, A. F. A.,Frank, J. M. and Frisvard, J. C. (2004).New ochratoxin A or sclerotium producing species in Aspergillus section Nigri. Stud .Mycol. 50, 45-61.
Samson, R.A., Noonim, P., Meijer, M., Houbraken, J., Frisvad, J.C and Varga, J. (2007). Diagnostic tools to identify black aspergilli. Stud. Mycol. 59: 129-145.
SAS (1999). SAS/STAT User’s Guide, Version 8.2, 1st printing. Vol. 2. SAS Institute Inc, SAS Campus Drive, Gary, North Carolina.
Serra, R., Abrunhosa, L., Kozakiewicz, Z. and Venâncio, A. (2003). Black Aspergillus species as ochratoxin A producers in Portuguese wine grapes. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 88, 63–68.
Serra, R., Braga, A. and Venâncio, A. (2005). Mycotoxin-producing and other fungi isolated from grapes for wine production, with particular emphasis on ochratoxin A. Res. Microbiol. 156, 515–521.
Serra, R., Mendonca, C., Venancio, A. (2006).Ochratoxin A occurrence and formation in Portuguese wine grapes at various stages of maturation. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 111, S35–S39.
Snowdon, A. L. (1990). Colour Atlas of post-harvest diseases and disorders of fruits and vegetables. Wolfe Scientific, London. pp256.
Varga, J., Juhasz, A, Kevei, F., and Kozakiewicz, Z. (2004). Molecular diversity of agriculturally important Aspergillus species. Eur. J. plant pathol., 110, 627-640.
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Published
2013-06-30
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SAADULLAH, A. A., & ABDULLAH, S. K. (2013). Comparison Between the Most Frequent Fungal Species Colonizing Grapevine Berries at Different Maturation Stages. Science Journal of University of Zakho, 1(1), 132–138. Retrieved from https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/54
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