Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Quantitative Estimation of Phenols and Flavonoids of Oak Acorn From Erbil/Kurdistan
Keywords:
Acorn, Quercusrobur, poly phenols, flavonoids, alkaloid, antioxidant activity, reducing power, metal chelating powerAbstract
In this study, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of aqueous extract of oak acorn Quercus robur (belongs to fagaceae family) was investigated by using in vitro antioxidant models including total antioxidant capacity, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The total contents of phenol, flavonoid and alkaloid were quantitatively estimated in oak’s acorn and its shell. Result showed that total phenolic, flavonoid, and alkaloid contents were higher in acorn than in its shell. The antioxidant activity of aqueous extract of acorn and its shell were determined according to the phosphomolybdenum method, reducing power and metal chelating was determined by using spectrophotometer. The results were compared to standard compounds such as ascorbic acid, rutin, gallic acid and colchicine. The overall result showed that oak acorn can serve as good sources of bioactive poly phenol in human diet and can be considered as a good candidate for nutritional supplement formulation due to their high concentrations of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, as well as their strong antioxidant activity.
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Yamaguchi, F., Ariga, T., Yoshimira, Y., and Nakazawa H., (2000).Antioxident and antilycationofcarcinol from Garciniaindica fruit rind.J.Agr.Foodchem.,, 180-185.
Barlow, S.M., (1990). Toxicological aspects of antioxidants used as food additive. In food antioxidants, Hudson BJF (ed), Elsevier, London, pp 253-307.
Bushra, S., Farooq, A., and Muhammd, A., (2009).Effect of extraction solvent /technique on the antioxidant activity of selected medicinal plant extraction. Molecules, 14, 2167-2180.
Chu, Y., (2000). Flavonoid content of several vegetables and their antioxidant activity. J Sci. Food Agric., 80, 561-566.
Cook,N.C., and Samman, s., (1996). Flavonoid-chemistry,metabolism, cardi-oprotective effects and dietary source. Nutr.Biochem.7, 66-76.
Dinis,T.C.P., Madeira,V.M.C., and Almeida,L.M. (1994 ). Action of phenolic derivatives (acetaminophen, salicylate and 5-aminosalicylate ) as inhibitor of membrane lipid peroxidation as peroxyl radical scavenging effects.Chem.Pham. Bull. 36, 2090-2097.
Dorman, H.J.D., Kosar, M. Kahols, K. Holm, Y., and Hiltunen, R., (2003). Antioxident properties of composition of aqueous extracts from Mentha species, hybrid, varieties and cultivars.J.Agr.Foodchem. 51, 4563-4569.
Einbonda,L.S.,Reynertsona,K.A., Luo,X.D., Besileb,M.J., and Kennellya,E.J., (2004).Anthocyanin antioxidant from edbilfruit.Food Chem.84,23-28
Fernald, H., and Kinsy, A., (1943). Edible wild plant of eastern north America .Cornwall-on-hudson,NY:Acedmic press.
Ferrari,C.K.B., and Torres, E.A.F.S., (2003). Biochemical pharmacology of functional foods and preventation of chronic diseases of aging .Biomedicine &pharmacotherapy.57, 271-260.
Goa, X., Brork, L., Trajkovski, V., and Uggla, M., (2000).Evalution of antioxidant activity of rosehip ethanol extract in different test system.J.Agr.foodchem. 80, 2021-2027.
Gordon, M. H., (1997).Food antioxidant .In:Hudson,B.J.F., (Ed)., London, Elsevier,1.
Halliwell, B., Aeschbech. R., Loliger, J., and Aruma, Ol., (1995).The characterization of antioxidant .Food Chem.Toxicol., 33, 601-617.
Ito, N., Fukushima, S., Hasegawa, A., Shibata, M., and Ogiso, T., (1983). Carcinogenicity of butylatedhydroxalanisol in F344 rats.J.Natl.Cancer Inst., 70, 343-34
Kessler, M., Ubead, G.,,and Jung , L., (2003). Anti-and pro-oxidant activity of rutin and quercetin derivative.J.Pharm.Pharmacol., 55, 131-142.
Kumar,P.S., Sucheta,S.,Deepa,V.S.,Selvamani,P., and Letha,S.,(2008).Antioxident activity in the in the some selected Indian medical plant.Afr.J.Biotechnol.,7(12),1826-1928
Lee, M.H., Jeang, J.H., and Man-Jinoh., (1992).Antioxident activity of gallic acid in acorn extract.JKorSoc.Food Nutrition, 21(6), 639-700.
Losso, J.N., Shahidi, F., and Bagchi, D., (2007).Anti-angiogenic functional and medical foods.Boca Raton FL; Taylor&Francis.
Mantle, D., Eddeb, F., and Pickering, A. T., (2000).Comparsion of relative antioxidant activities of British medicinal plant species in vitro J.Ethnopharmacol., 72, 47-51.
Molyneaux, M., (2002). Consumer attitudes predict upward trends for the herbal market place. HerbalGram., 54, 64-65.
Mohammad, A.E., Fereshtch, P., and Ahmad, R.B., (2008). Iron chelating activity, phenol and flavonoid content of some medical plants from Iran.Afr.J.Biotechnol., 7(18), 3188-3192.
Oyaizu, M., (1986). Studies on products of browingreaction:antioxidant activity of product of browing reaction prepared from glucosamine .J.Natr.44, 307-315.
Prieto.P., Pineda, M., and Aguilar, M., (1999) .Spectrophotometer quantitation antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: application to the determination of vitamins E, Anal.Biochem., 269, 337-341.
Rakic, s., Povrenovic, D., Maletic, R., and Zivkoviae, M., (2005).Drying of the aqueous extract of acorn Quercusrobur in a Spout- fluid Bed.J .of Agric.Sci., 50(2), 173-182.
Rice-Evans, C.A., Miller, N.G., and Paganga, G., (1996).Structure-antioxidant activity relationship of flavonoids and phenolic acid, free radical Biol.med.,20,933-956.
Rice-Evans, C.A., Miller, N.G., and Paganga, G., (1997).Antioxidents properties of phenolic compounds,Trends. plant sci.,2, 152-159.
Sawa, T., Nako, M., Akaike, T. Ono, k., and Maeda, H., (1999).Alkylperoxyl radical scavenging activity of various flavonoids and other phenolic compounds: implimantation for the antitumor promoter effect of vegetables.J.Agric.food.chem., 47, 397-492.
Scalbert, A., and Williamson, G., (2000). Dietary intake and bioavailability of poly phenol, J. Nutr.,130, 2073S-2085S.
Singh, D.K., Srivastva,B., and Sahu, A., (2004). Spectrophotometer, determination of Rauwolfiaalkaloids,estimation of reserpine in pharmaceuticals. Analytical Sc,i. 20, 571-573.
Singleton, V.L., and Rossi, J.A., (1995).Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic- phosphotungstic acid reagents.Am.J.Enol.Viticult.,16, 144-158.
Yamaguchi, F., Ariga, T., Yoshimira, Y., and Nakazawa H., (2000).Antioxident and antilycationofcarcinol from Garciniaindica fruit rind.J.Agr.Foodchem.,, 180-185.
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2013-09-30
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IBRAHIM, G. I. (2013). Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Quantitative Estimation of Phenols and Flavonoids of Oak Acorn From Erbil/Kurdistan. Science Journal of University of Zakho, 1(2), 444–451. Retrieved from https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/185
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