The Cumulative Effects of Plant Extract Tavri Shrub (Daphne Mucronata) on Some Biological Aspects of Mosquito Culex Molestus Forskal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25271/2017.5.2.363Keywords:
Ethanolic, Daphne Mucronata, Mosquito, Culex molestus Forskal, MorphologyAbstract
The present study was performed to evaluate the toxicity and biological activity of ethanolic extract of the plant tavri shrub (Daphne mucronata) which is widely abundant in Iraqi Kurdistan region against the mosquito (Culex molestus Forskal) using different concentrations (0.25- 7.5 mg/ml). The plant extract significantly affected the survival rate of all immature stages, prolonged their developmental period, preoviposition period, reduced egg productivity and hatchability, caused growth abnormalities, led to the appearance of intermediates and the adult failed to emerge. The cumulative effect of the Plant extract significantly affected the hatchability of eggs, mortality rate and elongation the duration of the larvae and pupae of C. molestus. The adult emergence and most of the vital biological activities of the emerging females including preoviposition period, fecundity and fertility were obviously affected. Also the extract caused various morphological deformations at different developmental stages.
References
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Abdullah, A.F. (2001). Isolation and antibacterial evaluation of plant extracts from some medicinal plants in Kurdistan region. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Duhok.
Al-Chalabi, B.M. , Al-Zubaidi, F.S. and Mustafa, A. (2002). Alkaloids of Euphorbia granulata Forssk, affecting development of mosquito, Culex pipiens L. (Diptera:Culicidae). Journal of Babil University, 7(3): 663-668.
Al- Chalabi, B .M.; Makki, A. M. and Al-Zubaidi, F.SH. (2014). The effect of Euphorbia granulata Frossk extract on some biological aspect of the Culex pipiens L .(Diptra : Culicidae ). Abstracts of the st international scintific conference of Cihan University – Erbil (2014 April), P. 157.
Bream, A.S., Hassan, M.I. , Fouda, M.A. and El-Sheikh, T.M. (2009). Toxicity and repellent activity of Phragmites australis extracts against the mosquito vector Culex pipiens. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection, 4(2): 157-172.
Bream, A.S., Ei-Sheikh, T.M.Y., Fouda, M.A. and Hassan, M.I. (2010). Larvicidal and repellent activity of extracts derived from aquatic plant Echinochloa stagninum against Culex pipiens. Tunisian Journal of Plant Protection , 5(1): 107-123.
Coile, N.C. (1999). Urtica chamaedryoides Pursh: a Stinging Nettle, or Fireweed and Some Related Species. Botany Circular, 34: 1-6.
Das, N.G., Goswami, D. and Rabha, B. (2007). Preliminary evaluation of mosquito larvicidal efficacy of plant extracts. J. Vet. Borne Dis., 44:145-148.
Elango. G., Abdul Rahuman, A. , Kamaraji, C. , Bagavan, A. and Zahir, A.A. (2010). Adult emergence inhibition and adulticidal activity of leaf crude extracts against Japanese encephalitis vector, Culex tritaeniorhynchus. Journal of King Sand University-Science, 8(12): 85-113.
Govindarajan, M. (2010). Larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm. F. (Family: Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Asian Pacific J. Trop. Med., 3: 691-695.
Howard, A.F.V. , Adongo, E.A. , Hassanali, A. , Omlin, F.X. , Wanjoya, A. , Zhou, G. and Vulule, J. (2009).Laboratory evaluation of the aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) wood chippings on Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes. J. Med. Entomol., 46(1): 107-114.
Mohsen, Z.M. and Mehdi, N.S. (1989).Effect of insect growth inhibitor alsystin on Culex quinquefasciatus Say. (Diptera: Culicidae). Insect. Sci. Appli.,10(1): 29-33.
Mohsen, Z.H. , Jawad. A. L. M. , Al-Chalabi, B.M. and Al-Naib, A. (1990). Biological activity of Callistemon lanceolatus against Culex quinquefasciatus Fitoterapia , Vol. LXI- No,3: 270-274.
Mustafa, M.A. and Al-Khazraji, A. (2008). Effect of some plant extracts on the Culex pipiens molestus Forskal larvae. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary, 22(1): 9-12.
Ndione, R.D. , Faye, O. , Ndiaye, M. , Dieye, A. and Afoutou, J.M. (2007). Toxic effects of neem products (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on Aedes aegypti Linnaeus 1762 larvae. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(24): 2846-2854.
Ouda, N.A. , Al-Chalabi, B.M. , Al-Charchafchi, F.M.R. and Mohsen, Z.H. (1998). Insecticidal and Ovicidal Effects of the Seed Extract of Atriplex canescens Against Culex quinquefasciatus. Pharmaceutical Biology, Formerly International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 36 (1):69-71.
Perveen, A.; Sarwar, G. and Hussain, I. (2008). Plant biodiversity and phytosociological attributes. Pak. J. Bot., 40 (1): 17-24.
Promsiri, S. , Naksathit, A. , Kruatrachue, M. , and Thavara, U. (2006). Evaluation of larvicidal activity of medicinal plant extracts to Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and other effects on a non-target fish. Insect Science, 13: 179- 188.
Rasool, M.A. , Khan, R. , Malik, A. , Bibi, N. and Kasim, S.U. (2010). Structural determination of daphnecin, a new coumarinolignan from Daphne mucronata. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 12(4): 324-327.
Sakthivadivel, M. and Thilagavathy, D. (2003). Larvicidal and chemosterilant activity of the acetone fraction of petroleum ether extract from Argemone Mexicana L. seed. Bioresource technology, 89: 213-216.
Snedecor, M.G.W. and Cochran, W. G. (1976). Statistical methods. Iowa states Univ. Press. 593 pp.
Su, T. and Mulla, M. S., (1998). Ovicidal activity of neem products (Azadirachtin) against Culex tarsalis and Culex quinquefasciatu.( Diptera: Culicidae). J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc., 14: 204-209
Sukulku, U. , Nuchuchua, O. , Uawongyart, N. , Puttipipatkhachorn, S. , Soottitantawat, A. and Ruktanonchai, U. (2009). Characterization and mosquito repellent activity of citronella oil nanoemulsion. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 372: 105-111.
Sukumar, K. , Perich, M. J. and Roombar, L. R. (1991). Botanical derivatives in mosquito control: A review. J. Am. Mos. Cont. Assoc., 7: 210-237.
Yang, Y.C.; Lee, S.G.; Kim, H.K. and Lee, H.S. (2002). A piperidine amide extracted from Piper longum L. Fruit shows activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50: 3765-3767.
Yerpude, P. N.; Jogdand, K.S. and Jogdand, M. (2013). A Study on Awareness and Practice about Preventive Methods against Mosquito Bite among Households in an Urban Slum Area of South India. International Journal of Recent Trends in Science and Technology, 8(2): 69-71.
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Published
2017-06-30
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Abdulmajeed, A. M., & Al-Chalabi, B. M. (2017). The Cumulative Effects of Plant Extract Tavri Shrub (Daphne Mucronata) on Some Biological Aspects of Mosquito Culex Molestus Forskal. Science Journal of University of Zakho, 5(2), 167–171. https://doi.org/10.25271/2017.5.2.363
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