Toxic Effects of Essential Oils of Elattaria Cardamomum L. And Lambda- Cyhalothrin on Tribolium Confusum (Duval)
Keywords:
Cardamom, Tribolium confusum, Lambda- cyhalothrin, SynergisticAbstract
Toxic effect of Lambda-cyhalothrin and essential oils of cardamom seeds of Elettaria cardamomum (L.), individually or in combination, on the larva, pupa and adult stages of confused flower beetle, Tribolium confusum, through the topical application were studied. The percentages of mortality of larval stage exposed to Lambda-cyhalothrin, at concentrations of 0.25, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.75 µl/ larva were 13.33, 20, 36.67 and 46.67 % respectively. While, the percentages of mortality of pupa stage at concentrations of 0.25, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.75 µl/ pupa were 13.33, 16.67, 26.67 and 43.33 respectively. For adults, exposed to Lambda concentrations of 0.25, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.75 µl/ adult were 10.0, 13.33, 23.33 and 40.0 respectively. The percentages of mortality of larvae exposed to cardamom oil at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 µl/ larva were 60, 76.67, 90 and 96.67% respectively, while the mortality of pupa exposed to concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 µl/ pupa were 46.67, 63.33, 83.33 and 90 respectively. The percentages of mortality of the adults exposed to concentrations 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 µl/ adult were 43.33, 60.0, 76.67 and 83.33 respectively. The synergistic ratios for larvae, pupae and adults exposed to mixture 1 (0.03 µl / insect cardamom oil and different concentrations of pesticide ), were 2.01, 1.70 and 1.60, respectively, where as the synergistic ratios of larvae, pupae and adults exposed to mixture 2 ( 0.07 µl / insect cardamom oil and different concentrations of pesticide) were 2.61, 2.34 and 3.10, respectively. This indicates that a combination of cardamom seeds oil with different concentrations of the insecticide Lambda produced synergistic effects.
References
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Oros, D. R. and Werner, I. (2005). Pyrethroid Insecticides: An Analysis of Use Patterns, Distributions, Potential Toxicity and Fate in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Central Valley. White Paper for the Interagency Ecological Program. SFEI Contribution 415. San Francisco Estuary Institute, Oakland, CA.
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Soummane, H. M. L.; Naamani, K. and Coll, J. (2011). Studies of Larvicidal and adulticidal activities of some Halophyte plant extracts against Ceratits capitata (Wiedemann). J. Entomol. 8(6):548-556.
Sun, Y. P. and Johnson, E. R. (1972). Quasi-Synergism and Penetration of Insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol. 65: 349-353.
Surendra, N. S.; Bhushanam, M. and Reddy, M. S. (2010). Efficacy of natural plant products, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Pongamia pinnata in the management of greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. under laboratory conditions. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 2, (1): 5-7.
Uddin, M. A. and Ara, N. (2006). Temperature effect on the Toxicity of six Insecticides Against Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). J. Life Earth Sci., Vol.1(2): 49-52.
Umeda, k.; MacNeil, D. and Lund, N. (2000). New Chemistry and Pyrethroid Combinations for Lepidopterous Pest Control in Broccoli. University of Arizona, College of Agriculture, Vegetable Report, index at http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/crops/az1177/
Wilkinson, C. F. (1976). Insecticide Synergism in Insecticides For the Future in Needs and Prospects (Metcalf Re.; Mckelvey, J.; Eds). Jone Wileyo, New York.
AL-Attar, H. J. (2006).Comparison of Toxicity and Residual Effectiveness of Actara (Thiamethoxam). With Three Pyrethroid Insecticides Against Five Coleopteran Species Infesting Stored Products. Tikrit J. Pure. Sci. 11(2):87-190.
Amweg, E. L. and Weston, D. P. (2005). Use and toxicity of pyrethroid pesticides in the Central Valley, California, USA. Environ Toxicol Chem 24:1300–1301.
Aneja, K. R. and Sharma, C. (2010). Antimicrobial potential of fruit extracts of Elettaria cardamomum Maton. (chhoti Elaichi) against the pathogens causing ear infection. Department of microbiology, kurukshetra Univeristy, karukshetra – 136 119, India. 3: 750-756.
Brattesten, L. B. and Metcalf, R. L. (1970). The synergistic ratio of carbaryl with piperonyl butoxide as an indicator of the distribution of multifunction oxidases in the insect. J. Econ. Entomol. 63: 101-104.
Cassida, J. E.; Ngel, J. L.; Esaac, E. G.; Kamienski, F. X. and Kuwatsuka, S. (1966). Methylene C14-Dioxyphenyl Compounds: Metabolism and Relation to Their Synergist Action Science. 151: 1130-1135.
Chavan, S. M.; Kabade, K. H. and Sushil, K. (2012). Laboratory evaluation of different chemical insecticides and biopesticides against larvae of teak skeletonizer, Eutectona machaeralis (Walker). J. Biopest, 5: 196-198.
Franklin, M. R. (1972). Pipronyl butoxide metabolism by cytochrome p450: Factros affecting the formation and disappearance of the metabolite cytochrome p450 complex. J. Xenobiotica. 2: 517-527.
He, L. M.; Troiano, J.; Wang, A. and Goh, K.(2008). Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicity, and Fate of Lambda-Cyhalothrin. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Pp. 71-75.
Huang, Y.; Lam, S. L. and Ho, S. H. (2000). Bioactivities of essential oil from Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton. to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Journal of Stored Products Research. 36: 107-117.
Jacobson, M. (1989). Botanical pesticides: Past, present, future. In: Arnason JT, Philogene BJ, Morland P. Insecticides of plant origin. pp. American Chemical Society. 101
Karaborklu, S.; Abdurrahman, A. and Semih, Y. (2010). Bioactivity of Different Essential Oils Against The Adult of Two Stored Product Insects. Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 42(6): 679-686.
Khalequzzaman, M. and Rumu, S. N. (2010). Toxicity of prirmiphos-methyl and three essential oils, alone and in combination against Callosobruchus maculates (Fab.). Univ. J. Zool. Rajshahi. Univ. Vol. 28: 1-5. http://journals.sfu.ca/bd/index.php/UJZRU
Korikontimath, V. S.; Mulge, R. and Zachariah, J. T. (1999). Variations in essential oil constituents in high yielding selections of cardamom. Journal of Plantation Crops 27: 230-232.
Lawrence, B. M. (1979). Major tropical spices cardamom (Eletteria cardamomum). In: Essential Oils, pp. 104. Allured Publishing Corporation.
Lewis, Y. S. (1984). Cardamom: Spice and herbs for the food industry. Food Trade Press.
Mckinnon, R. A.; Sorich, M. J. and Ward, M. B. (2008). Cytochrome p450 Part 1: Multiplicity and Function. J. Pharm. Prac. Res. 38(1): 55-57.
Meister, R.T.(2010) .Crop Protection of Handbook. Willoughby, OH.USA.
Metcalf, R.L. (1972) Mode of action of insecticide synergist. Annual Revieew of Entomology. 12: 225 – 229.
Michalets, E. L. (1998). Review of therapeutics update: Clinically Significant Cytochrome p450 drug interactions. Pharmacotherapy. 18(1): 84-112.
Naz, F.; Imtiaz, A.; Tariq, R. M.; Tahir, A. and Khatri, M. I. (2013). Toxic Effect Of Biosal, Chlorpyriphos and Lambda-cyhalothrin Against Berry Bug, Halys fabricii, H. sulcatus, Salixocoris sindellus and S. excavates. Pak. J. Entomol. 28 (1): 89-98.
Nagamo, T. S. L.; Ngatanko, I.; Ngassoum, M. B.; Mapongmestsem, P. M. and Hance, T. (2007). Persistence of insecticidal activities of crude essential oils of three aromatic plants towards four major stored product insect pests. African Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 2(4), 173-177.
Olivero-Verbel, J.; González-Cervera, T.; Güette-Fernandez, J.; Jaramillo-Colorado, B. and Stashenko, E. (2010). Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils isolated from Colombian plants. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy 20: 568-574.
Oros, D. R. and Werner, I. (2005). Pyrethroid Insecticides: An Analysis of Use Patterns, Distributions, Potential Toxicity and Fate in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Central Valley. White Paper for the Interagency Ecological Program. SFEI Contribution 415. San Francisco Estuary Institute, Oakland, CA.
Padin, S. B.; Cecilia, F.; Maria, I. U. and Gustavo, M. D. B. (2013). Toxicity and repellency of nine medicinal plants against Tribolium castaneum in stored wheat. Bulletin of insectology 66 (1): 45-49.
Saidana, D.; Ben, H. M.; Mahjoub, M. A.; Haouas, D.; Mighri, Z. and Helal, A. N. (2007). Insecticidal Activities of Tunisian halophytic plant extracts against larva and adults of Tribolium confusum. Tropicultura, 25 (4): 193-199.
Shufeng, Z. ; Sui, Y. C.; Boon, C. G.; Eli, C.; Wei, D.; Min, H. and Mcleod, H. L. (2005). Mechanism-based inhibition of cytochrome p450 3A4 therapeutic drug. Clin. Pharmacokinetics. 44(3): 279-304.
Sivakumar, C.; Chandrasekaran, C.; Vijayaraghavan, S. and Selvaraj, S. (2010). Fumigant toxicity of essential oils against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculates (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Biopesticides 3(1): 317-319.
Soummane, H. M. L.; Naamani, K. and Coll, J. (2011). Studies of Larvicidal and adulticidal activities of some Halophyte plant extracts against Ceratits capitata (Wiedemann). J. Entomol. 8(6):548-556.
Sun, Y. P. and Johnson, E. R. (1972). Quasi-Synergism and Penetration of Insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol. 65: 349-353.
Surendra, N. S.; Bhushanam, M. and Reddy, M. S. (2010). Efficacy of natural plant products, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum and Pongamia pinnata in the management of greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L. under laboratory conditions. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 2, (1): 5-7.
Uddin, M. A. and Ara, N. (2006). Temperature effect on the Toxicity of six Insecticides Against Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). J. Life Earth Sci., Vol.1(2): 49-52.
Umeda, k.; MacNeil, D. and Lund, N. (2000). New Chemistry and Pyrethroid Combinations for Lepidopterous Pest Control in Broccoli. University of Arizona, College of Agriculture, Vegetable Report, index at http://ag.arizona.edu/pubs/crops/az1177/
Wilkinson, C. F. (1976). Insecticide Synergism in Insecticides For the Future in Needs and Prospects (Metcalf Re.; Mckelvey, J.; Eds). Jone Wileyo, New York.
Published
2015-06-30
How to Cite
Al-Sinjari, S. H. S., & Al-Attar, H. J. (2015). Toxic Effects of Essential Oils of Elattaria Cardamomum L. And Lambda- Cyhalothrin on Tribolium Confusum (Duval). Science Journal of University of Zakho, 3(1), 15–26. Retrieved from https://sjuoz.uoz.edu.krd/index.php/sjuoz/article/view/77
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