Impact of Protein Source and Its Levels on Egg Production and Egg Quality of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25271/sjuoz.2021.9.3.829Keywords:
Japanese quail, protein source, protein level, egg production, egg qualityAbstract
Fish and soybean meal are known as common utilized crude protein sources in poultry diets. Quail birds often need higher requirements of dietary protein which influences its productive performance. The aim of the experiment is to determine the impact of protein source with different levels on egg production and egg quality characteristics. The experiment was carried out at animal production dept., University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region- Iraq, during spring 2020 for 56 days. The birds were divided into two main groups (fish meal and soybean meal) with three levels of crude protein (CP) as sub groups (20%, 23% and 26%). At 35 days of age, 240 quails were sexed and distributed on wire cages as four replications for each protein level within each group (treatment) as family (8 pullets with 2 cocks). The investigated characters were; Egg weight (EW), egg number (EN), egg mass (EM), egg quality characteristics (shape index, high, weight and diameter of both, yolk and albumen, egg shell thickness and weight and Haugh units); feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), hatchability and fertility percentage. The main results were as follows; EW, EM and most of egg quality characteristics did not show significant difference (P>0.05) either by source of protein or its levels; also, FI and FCR did not differ significantly (P>0.05) by the effect of protein source; while EN, FI and FCR were affected significantly (P≤0.05) by CP level. To conclude, there was no obvious trend for the effect of both CP source and level on early egg yield and egg quality in J. quail.
References
Albino, L.F.T. and Barreto, S.L.T. 2003. Criação de codornas para produção de ovose carne. Viçosa:Aprenda Fácil: 268.
Barreto, S.L.T., Quirino, B.J.S., Brito, C.O., Umigi, R.T., Araujo, M.S., Rocha, T.C. and Pereira, C.G. 2007. Efeitos de níveis nutricionais de energia sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos de codornas européias na faseinicial de postura. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 36(1): 86- 93.
Berwary, M.S., Oramari, R.A. and Hussen, S.H. 2015. Correlated response to selection for residual feed intake in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Journal of University of Duhok 18(1): 135-144.
Cho, Y. M., Shin, I. S. and Yang, C. J. 2004. Effects of Feeding Dried Leftover Food on Productivity of Laying Hens. Department of Animal Science & Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea.
Church, D.C. 1991.The nutrients, their metabolism, and feeding standards. In: Church, D.C. (ed.) Livestock Feeds and Feeding, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Dahouda,M., Adjolohoun, S., Montchowul, E.H., Senou, M. and Hounsou, N. M. D. 2013. Growth Performance Of Quail (Coturnix coturnix) Fed On Diet Containing Either Animal Or Vegetable Protein Sources. International J. Of Poult. Sci.12(7):398-400.
Duncan, D.B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
Eishu, R.i., Sato,K., Oikawa, T., kunieda, T. and Uchida, H. 2005. Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Production and Characteristics of Japanese Quail Eggs.The J. Of Poult. Sci. 42:130-139.
Fernando, G.P.C., Nobre, I.S., G.Silva, L.P., Goulart, C.C., Figueiredo, D.F., Gunawardana, P., Roland, S. D.A. and Bryant M.M. 2008. Effect of energy and protein on performance, egg components, egg solids, egg quality and profits in molted Hy-Line W36 Hens. J. of Applied Poult. Res.17:390-397.
Gunawardana, P., Roland, D.A. and Bryant, M.M. 2008. Effect of energy and protein on performance, egg components, egg solids, egg quality and profits in molted hy-line W-36 hens. J. of Applied Poult. Res.17: 432-439.
Khajali,F ., Khoshouie, E.A., Dehkordi, S.K. and Hematian, M. 2008. Production performance and egg quality of Hy-line W36 laying hens fed reduced-protein diets at a constant total sulfur amino acid: Lysine ratio. J. Applied Poult. Res.17: 390-397.
Khurshid, A., Farooq, M., Durranit, F.R. and Sarbil, K. 2003. Predicting egg weight, of Japanese quails, using varies egg traits and regressors. International J. of Poult. Sci. 2(2): 164.167.
Kingori, A.M., Tuitoek, J.K., Muiruri, H.K. and Wachira, A.M. 2010. Effect of dietary crude protein levels on egg production, hatchability and post-hatch offspring performance of Indigenous chickens. International J. of Poult. Sci. 9(4):324-329.
Minoguchi, N., Ohguchi, H., Yamamoto, R., Saito, T. and Mizuno, K. 2000.The effect of reducing in dietary crude protein on the laying performance of Japanese quail, using phase feeding system. Research Bulletin Aichi Agricultural Research Center 32:241-246.
MohitiAsli, M., Shivazad, M., Zaghari, M., Rezaizan, M., Aminzadeh, S. and Mateos, G.G. 2012. Effects of feeding regimen, fiber inclusion and crude protein content of the diet on performance and egg quality and hatchability of eggs of broiler breeder hens. Poult. Sci. 91:3097-3106.
Mori, C., Garcia, E.A., Pavan, A.C., Piccinin, A., Scherer, M.R. and Pizzolante, C.C. 2005. Desempenhoe qualidade dos ovos de codorna de quarto grupos genéticos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 34(3): 864- 869.
National Research Council 1985. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 2ed revised edition. National Academy press.22. Washington, D.C.
Narushin, V.G. and Romanov, M.N. 2002. Egg physical characteristics and hatchability. World's J. of Poult. Sci. 58: 297-303.
Ohguchi, H., Kato, S., Goto, T. and Nagata, S.1997.The effect of low protein diets on growth, laying performance and nitrogen excretion of Japanese quail. Research Bulletin Aichi Agricultural Research Center 29: 349-353.
Saleh, J. H. and Hussen, S.H. 2018. Genetic evaluation of three quail lines/ by full diallel cross design II- Egg production. Journal of University of Duhok (Agri. and Vet. Sciences) 22(1): 243-251.
Saleh, J. H. 2016. Genetic evaluation of three quail lines in a full diallel cross. M.Sc. thesis, Dept. of Animal Production, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
SAS Institute. 2014. Statistical Analysis System (SAS, institute, Inc.), version 9.4. Cary NC, USA.
Shim, K.F. and Vohra, P.1984. A review of the nutrition of Japanese quail. World’s Poult. Sci. 40:261-274.
Shim, M. Y., Song, E., Billard , L., Aggrey , S. E., Pesti , G. M. and Sodsee, P. 2013. Effects of balanced dietary protein levels on egg production and egg quality parameters of individual commercial layers. Poult. Sci. 92 :2687–2696.
Song, K.T., Choi, S.H. and OH, H.R. 2000. A Comparison of Egg Quality of Pheasant, Chukar, Quail and Guinea Fowl Asian -Australasian J. of Anim. Sci.Vol. 13: 986 -990.
Wolc, A. and Olori, V.E. 2009. Genetics of Hatchabilityegg Quality from the Perspective of a Chick 6thEuropean Poultry Genetics Symposium, World Poultry Science Association, Bedlewo, Poland.
Wilson, W.O., Abbot, U.K. and Abplanal,p. H.1961.Evaluation of Coturnix (Japanese Quail) as pilot animal for poultry. Poult. Sci. 40:651-657.
Yalcin,S., Ilyas, O. B., Adnam, S. and Suzan, Y. 2007. The effects of dietary garlic powder on the performance of, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol of laying quails. Asian- Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20(6):944-94
Barreto, S.L.T., Quirino, B.J.S., Brito, C.O., Umigi, R.T., Araujo, M.S., Rocha, T.C. and Pereira, C.G. 2007. Efeitos de níveis nutricionais de energia sobre o desempenho e a qualidade de ovos de codornas européias na faseinicial de postura. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 36(1): 86- 93.
Berwary, M.S., Oramari, R.A. and Hussen, S.H. 2015. Correlated response to selection for residual feed intake in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Journal of University of Duhok 18(1): 135-144.
Cho, Y. M., Shin, I. S. and Yang, C. J. 2004. Effects of Feeding Dried Leftover Food on Productivity of Laying Hens. Department of Animal Science & Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 540-742, Korea.
Church, D.C. 1991.The nutrients, their metabolism, and feeding standards. In: Church, D.C. (ed.) Livestock Feeds and Feeding, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
Dahouda,M., Adjolohoun, S., Montchowul, E.H., Senou, M. and Hounsou, N. M. D. 2013. Growth Performance Of Quail (Coturnix coturnix) Fed On Diet Containing Either Animal Or Vegetable Protein Sources. International J. Of Poult. Sci.12(7):398-400.
Duncan, D.B. 1955. Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
Eishu, R.i., Sato,K., Oikawa, T., kunieda, T. and Uchida, H. 2005. Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Production and Characteristics of Japanese Quail Eggs.The J. Of Poult. Sci. 42:130-139.
Fernando, G.P.C., Nobre, I.S., G.Silva, L.P., Goulart, C.C., Figueiredo, D.F., Gunawardana, P., Roland, S. D.A. and Bryant M.M. 2008. Effect of energy and protein on performance, egg components, egg solids, egg quality and profits in molted Hy-Line W36 Hens. J. of Applied Poult. Res.17:390-397.
Gunawardana, P., Roland, D.A. and Bryant, M.M. 2008. Effect of energy and protein on performance, egg components, egg solids, egg quality and profits in molted hy-line W-36 hens. J. of Applied Poult. Res.17: 432-439.
Khajali,F ., Khoshouie, E.A., Dehkordi, S.K. and Hematian, M. 2008. Production performance and egg quality of Hy-line W36 laying hens fed reduced-protein diets at a constant total sulfur amino acid: Lysine ratio. J. Applied Poult. Res.17: 390-397.
Khurshid, A., Farooq, M., Durranit, F.R. and Sarbil, K. 2003. Predicting egg weight, of Japanese quails, using varies egg traits and regressors. International J. of Poult. Sci. 2(2): 164.167.
Kingori, A.M., Tuitoek, J.K., Muiruri, H.K. and Wachira, A.M. 2010. Effect of dietary crude protein levels on egg production, hatchability and post-hatch offspring performance of Indigenous chickens. International J. of Poult. Sci. 9(4):324-329.
Minoguchi, N., Ohguchi, H., Yamamoto, R., Saito, T. and Mizuno, K. 2000.The effect of reducing in dietary crude protein on the laying performance of Japanese quail, using phase feeding system. Research Bulletin Aichi Agricultural Research Center 32:241-246.
MohitiAsli, M., Shivazad, M., Zaghari, M., Rezaizan, M., Aminzadeh, S. and Mateos, G.G. 2012. Effects of feeding regimen, fiber inclusion and crude protein content of the diet on performance and egg quality and hatchability of eggs of broiler breeder hens. Poult. Sci. 91:3097-3106.
Mori, C., Garcia, E.A., Pavan, A.C., Piccinin, A., Scherer, M.R. and Pizzolante, C.C. 2005. Desempenhoe qualidade dos ovos de codorna de quarto grupos genéticos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 34(3): 864- 869.
National Research Council 1985. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 2ed revised edition. National Academy press.22. Washington, D.C.
Narushin, V.G. and Romanov, M.N. 2002. Egg physical characteristics and hatchability. World's J. of Poult. Sci. 58: 297-303.
Ohguchi, H., Kato, S., Goto, T. and Nagata, S.1997.The effect of low protein diets on growth, laying performance and nitrogen excretion of Japanese quail. Research Bulletin Aichi Agricultural Research Center 29: 349-353.
Saleh, J. H. and Hussen, S.H. 2018. Genetic evaluation of three quail lines/ by full diallel cross design II- Egg production. Journal of University of Duhok (Agri. and Vet. Sciences) 22(1): 243-251.
Saleh, J. H. 2016. Genetic evaluation of three quail lines in a full diallel cross. M.Sc. thesis, Dept. of Animal Production, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
SAS Institute. 2014. Statistical Analysis System (SAS, institute, Inc.), version 9.4. Cary NC, USA.
Shim, K.F. and Vohra, P.1984. A review of the nutrition of Japanese quail. World’s Poult. Sci. 40:261-274.
Shim, M. Y., Song, E., Billard , L., Aggrey , S. E., Pesti , G. M. and Sodsee, P. 2013. Effects of balanced dietary protein levels on egg production and egg quality parameters of individual commercial layers. Poult. Sci. 92 :2687–2696.
Song, K.T., Choi, S.H. and OH, H.R. 2000. A Comparison of Egg Quality of Pheasant, Chukar, Quail and Guinea Fowl Asian -Australasian J. of Anim. Sci.Vol. 13: 986 -990.
Wolc, A. and Olori, V.E. 2009. Genetics of Hatchabilityegg Quality from the Perspective of a Chick 6thEuropean Poultry Genetics Symposium, World Poultry Science Association, Bedlewo, Poland.
Wilson, W.O., Abbot, U.K. and Abplanal,p. H.1961.Evaluation of Coturnix (Japanese Quail) as pilot animal for poultry. Poult. Sci. 40:651-657.
Yalcin,S., Ilyas, O. B., Adnam, S. and Suzan, Y. 2007. The effects of dietary garlic powder on the performance of, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol of laying quails. Asian- Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 20(6):944-94
Downloads
Published
2021-09-30
How to Cite
Salih, J. H., Mohammed, D. A., & Hussen, S. H. (2021). Impact of Protein Source and Its Levels on Egg Production and Egg Quality of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Science Journal of University of Zakho, 9(3), 138–143. https://doi.org/10.25271/sjuoz.2021.9.3.829
Issue
Section
Science Journal of University of Zakho
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY-NC-SA 4.0] that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work, with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online.
